Will Agricultural Biotechnology Feed a Hungry World?
Statement by delegates from 24 African nations to the United Nations (1998):
"We . . .strongly object that the image of the poor and hungry from our countries
is being used by giant multinational corporations to push a technology that is neither
safe, environmentally friendly, nor economically beneficial to us. We do not believe that
such companies or gene technologies will help our farmers to produce the food that is
needed in the 21st century. On the contrary, we think it will destroy the diversity, the
local knowledge and the sustainable agricultural systems that our farmers have developed
for millennia and that it will thus undermine our capacity to feed ourselves."
Summary: Biotechnology companies often claim that genetically modified
organisms (GMOs) --specifically genetically altered seeds -- are an essential scientific
breakthrough needed to feed the world, protect the environment, and reduce poverty in
developing countries. This view rests on two critical assumptions, both of which we
question. The first is that hunger is due to a gap between food production and human
population density or growth rate. The second is that genetic engineering is the only or
best way to increase agricultural production and thus meet future food needs. We challenge
the notion of biotechnology as a magic bullet solution to agriculture's ills, by
clarifying misconceptions concerning these underlying assumptions.
Summary: According to Christian Aid, the introduction of genetically
modified crops to the world's poorest countries could lead to famine instead of feeding
more than 800million hungry people worldwide. GM crops will concentrate power in too few
hands and will strip small farmers of their independence. Christian Aid also condemns
"suicide seeds" that contain a terminator gene which makes the next generation
of seeds sterile, forcing farmers to buy new seed every year. Currently, 80% of crops in
the developing world are from saved seed. Christian Aid called for a five-year freeze on
GM crops and for new resources to be put into sustainable and organic farming.
Summary: The sustainable solution to vitamin A deficiency is access to
a diverse diet through agricultural diversity. Genetic engineering poses unknown threats
to that diversity, and golden rice is part of the problem, not the solution.