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Many people do not realize that lawn fertilizers and pesticides
negatively impact our water quality. Research conducted by the Center
for Watershed Protection in the late 90's shows that excessive fertilizer
use causes eutrophication (the build up of phosphorus and nitrogen
that increases algae blooms and the loss of fish populations) in
lakes and streams. Pesticide use has been linked to an increase
of toxic contaminants in our drinking water.
The good news is you do not always need fertilizers high in phosphorus
and nitrogen or pesticides to keep your grass green and healthy.
Listed below are some ways to help you grow a healthy, safe, and
beautiful lawn without all the excess materials. (Download a PDF of our
list of recommended lawn care contractors and fertilizers.)
SOIL TEST
Not all soils need added phosphorus or nitrogen. Test your
soil before you fertilize to find out the nutrients you need to
add and those that are already plentiful. If your soil is low in
these nutrients, buy or make slow release organic fertilizers such
as compost or mulch. These fertilizers are less likely to run off
into nearby streams, lakes and sewers. They also provide microorganisms
that help create soil fertility and fight lawn diseases. Compost
and mulch are not the only natural fertilizers available; you can
also use your grass clippings. When you empty your clippings bag
onto your lawn you will be adding nutrients and organic matter that
the lawn needs to thrive. Researchers estimate that using your lawn
clippings actually reduces the need for other fertilizers by 25%,
saving you time and money!
MOW HIGH
Each grass species is different, so find out what type of
grass you have and what its highest optimal growing height is and
mow accordingly. Letting your grass grow at higher heights adds
deeper root systems. To avoid stress, remove no more than 1/3 of
the length of the grass blades when you do mow.
WATER DEEPLY AND LESS OFTEN
Over watering can leach out nutrients, cause oxygen depravation,
and promote weeds to grow. Instead of watering everyday, water only
when your lawn needs it. You can tell your lawn needs water when
the grass is really dark and does not spring back when you walk
on it; if you try and shovel something out and the shovel slides
into the ground easily the soil still has water present. You will
also want to avoid runoff. Make sure your soil will hold the water
and not just run off into the street.
USE BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL
Biological control is the use of a natural enemy to get rid of
the pest causing harm. According to the Michigan Department
of Agriculture the best way to fight the battle against pests when
using biological control is to properly identify the pest, accurately
estimate the population, obtain the correct natural enemy, follow
release directions correctly, and monitor the effectiveness of the
biological control. For example, marigolds are known to keep away
many insects. Slugs are repelled by crushed eggshells spread thickly
around plants.
Also, be realistic, insects and weeds are natural. Some
areas are not as well suited for grass as others, create a garden
instead. And remember native plants and grasses are always the easiest
to work with!
 Companion Plants (PDF file)
Critter Control (PDF file)
Natural Plant Care Reference List (PDF file)
Turf Care Calendar (PDF file)
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