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Sierra Club Bulletin--Subject Index, M-P
The italicized number is the volume number, following number(s) are the page number(s).
McAdie, Mt., 5, 317; 14, 86; 18, 133; 26, 117; ill., 7, 147
McArthur, Lake (Canada), ill., 8, 185
McCabe Lake, ill., 18, 71
McClure, Mt., see Maclure, Mt.
McClure Glacier, see Maclure Glacier
McClure Lake, 12, 57
McClure Meadow, 12, 57; ill., 11, 137
McClure 's Pass, map, 1, 173
McCormick, Mt. (Canada), 33, 125
McDermott, Lake (Glacier N. P.), ill., 12, 36, 45
McDonald, Lake (Glacier N. P.), ill., 7, 225, 228-229; 23, 110; 30, 46-47
McDonald Peak (Canada), ill., 13, 9
McGee, Mt., 16, 104; 19, 93; 27, 101; ill., 12, 181
McGee Lake trail, 25, 113
McGonagall Pass (Mt. McKinley N. P.), 18, 81; ill., 18, 83
" Machete, " The, (Pinnacles National Monument), 25, 130-131; ill., 25, 102-103
McKinley, Mt. (Mt. McKinley N. P., Alaska), 6, 280; 18, 81-87; 28, 1-35; 30, 95; 34, 95-109; first ascent, 1913, 18, 82; first ascent of North Peak by " Sourdough" party, 1910, 18, 81-82; 34, 99-106; second ascent, 1932, 18, 81-87; ascent claimed by Dr. Cook, 1906, 6, 280; 34, 97-98; bibliography, 34, 109; discovery and exploration, 34, 95-97; Dr. Cook's false summit, 34, 107; ill., 34, 95; origin of name, 18, 81; 34, 96; " Sourdough" party, 18, 81-82; 34, 99-106; ill., 34, 94-95; temperature, 18, 83-84; war equipment testing expedition, 28, 1-35; ill., 18, 82, 83, 86, 87; 28, 30-31; 34, 94-95; see also Karstens Ridge; Mount McKinley N. P.; Muldrow Glacier
McKinley grove, 10, 296
McKinney 's, 1, 317
McLean 's Spring, 24, 80, 101
McLoughlin, Mt., ill., 17, 51
Maclure, Mt., 12, 56; 20, 104; ill., 3, 326; 5, 23; 7, 94, 95; 9, 250; 10, 231; 11, 410; 17, 22; 20, 104; 29, 46-47; routes of ascent, ill., 20, 104
Maclure Glacier, ill., 5, 23; 17, 22
Macomb Ridge, 12, 56
Madary's Pass, 1, 195; ill., 1, 196; see also Harrison 's Pass
Magic Circle, 11, 275-283
Magpie, 4, 134-135; ill., 4, 134
Mahogany, Mountain (Cercocarpus parvifolius), 3, 308
Malaspina Glacier (Alaska), 2, 134-141
Malheur Lake Bird Sanctuary, 11, 95
Mallory, Mt., 12, 306; 21, 100; 26, 117; ill., 14, 43
Mammoth Hot Springs (Yellowstone N . P, ), ill., 12, 437
Mammoth Mine, 13, 48
Mammoth Mountain, 21, 57
Manly Lake, 17, 76
Manly Lookout, 24, 85, 86
Manzanita (Arctostaphylos), 3, 305, 309; ill., 3, 305
Maps: Big Basin, 3, 218; Mt. Brewer east basin, 3, 108; Brown, Prof. Bolton Coit, 1, 302; 2, 26; Brue map of California, 28, 30-31, 41; Bubbs Creek basin, 2, 114, 128, 271; Burr map of California, 28, 30-31, 41; California, 15, 83, 90, 91; 28, 30-31, 40-41; Carson Pass, 15, 83; Cartridge Pass trail, 17, 106; Center Basin, 2, 271; Colby Pass region, 11, 128; Crater Lake, 1, 37; Crespi map of San Francisco Bay, 13, 56; Death Valley, 24, 62-63, 78; Devils Postpile National Monument, 8, 226-227; Eagle Peak Falls site, 7, 224; Estudillo map of San Joaquin Valley, 26, 30; Evolution region, 5, 229; Fall River Mills to Susanville, 2, 194; Fish Creek upper basin, 4, 205; Fractional scales, 5, 260; Fremont explorations, 15, 83, 90, 91; Gallatin map of California, 28, 30-31, 40; Goddard Creek region, 12, 8; Grand Canyon of the Colorado, 4, 80; Grouse Meadow to Vidette Meadow, 11, 358-359; Hell-for-Sure Pass Trail, 17, 106; High mountain route, 7, 22; High Sierra Camps, 12, 38; Jack Main Canyon, 1, 179; John Muir Trail, 7, 22; 17, 106; Kaweah Peaks, 2, 185; Kerrick Canyon, 1, 177, 179; Kings River, Head-waters, 1, 302; Middle Fork, 5, 18; Kings River Canyon and Kings Canyon National Park, 2, 49; 12, 228 (development plans, 1947, 32, 119; Master plan, 1947, 32, 112); Kings-Kem Divide, 2, 26; LeConte map of Sierra Nevada, 4, 311; 25, 35; Little Lost Valley of Shepherd Crest, 18, 69; 34, 84; McClure's Pass, 1, 173; Medicine Lake Lava region, 2, 312; Mountaineers' Olympic outing, 9, 148; Muir Crest, 26, 110; Muir Gorge trail, 1, 206; Olympic Range (Washington), 9, 148; Ouzel Basin, 3, 109; Palisades, 5, 18; 24, 46; Pinchot Pass trail, 17, 106; Pine Ridge trail, 1, 210; Preuss map of California, 15, 91; Rae Lakes basin, 3, 136; Ritter range, 23, 30; Ritter-Whitney triangulation, 2, 286; Roaring River, 11, 128; Mt. St. Elias, 2, 136; San Francisco Bay region, 13, 56; San Joaquin River, South Fork, 5, 229; San Joaquin Valley, 26, 30; Sequoia National Park, 8, 220; 12, 416; Shepherd Crest, 18, 69; 34, 84; Sierra Club Soda Springs property, 9, 37; Sierra Nevada, 4, 311; 25, 35; 32, 78; Sixty Lakes Basin, 3, 136; Slide Canyon to Kerrick Canyon, 1, 177; Susanville to Fall River Mills, 2, 194; Taboose Pass trail, 17, 106; Tehipite Valley, 12, 127; to Kings River Canyon, 2, 49; Tenaya Canyon, 9, 134; Triangulation between Mt. Ritter and Mt. Whitney, 2, 286; Tuolumne Meadows property, 9, 37; United States Geologic SuI:Vey maps, 2, 115-117; Vernon Lake region, 1, 185; Vidette Meadow to Grouse Meadow, 11, 359; Whitney region, 26, 110; Whitney-Ritter triangulation, 2, 286; Mt. Whitney trail, 1, 1; Wilkes map of California, 28, 31, 40; Yokut Indians range, 12, 388; Yosemite, Lake (ancient), 9, 11; Yosemite High Sierra Camps, 12, 38; Yosemite mining history, 13, 43; Yosemite Valley, 12, 228
Marble Canyon (Colorado River), ill., 27, 78-79
Marble Mountain Primitive Area, 18, 29
Margaret, Lake (Canada), ill., 2, 264
Marian, Lake (Utah), 24, 109-120; ill., 24, 62-63
Marie Lake, ill., 11, 40
Marin County fire of 1945, 31, 18-23
Marine borer protection, 8, 78
Marion Gorge (Olympic N. P.), ill., 9, 150
Marion Lake, 4, 259; 12, 56, 154; ill., 12, 316
Marion Peak, 12, 154
Mariposa Battalion, 25, 41; 26, 30-31
Mariposa grove, 3, 24-25; 5, 242-250; 6, 58-61; 7, 219; 12, 57
Marjorie, Lake, 12, 57
Marmolata (Canada), 26, 61
Marmot, 4, 281; 6, 37; 21, 86; ill., 12, 105, 120
Marmot Ridge, 3, 110
Marsh, Mt., 7, 109; ill., 7, 111
Marten, 17, 18; 21, 86
Martha Lake, 12, 57; 27, 88
Marvin Pass, 12, 57
Massive, Mt. (Colorado), 29, 22-23
Mather Pass, 11, 269-270, 359-367, 423, 424; 12, 57, 417-418; 16, 107; 27, 91; ill., 11, .362, 423; 15, 71
Matlock Lake, ill., 7, 240
Matterhorn (Alps), 6, 75-86; 13, 82-83; 14, 85; 18, 111; 25, 73-87; 30, 81-82; ill., 6, 75, 78, 82; 31, 14-15
Matterhorn Canyon, 1, 175; ill., 8, 209
Matterhorn Peak (Yosemite N. P.), 3, 159-163; 4, 287; 11, 256; 20, 76, 106; 22, 53; 27, 126; ill., 3, 118-162
Matterhorn Peak, False, ill., 3, 118
Matthes Crest, 17, 113; 34, 110-111; ill., 15, 59; 20, 110-111; 34, 86-87; see also Echo Ridge
Maturango Peak, 27, 138
May Lake trail, 25, 113
May Lundy mine, 13, 40-53; ill., 13, 40
Maye, Lake (Canada), 9, 242; ill., 9, 240
Mayon (Philippine Islands), 4, 228-234
Mazamas, 2, 57-58; 6, 132; 9, 200; 10, 231; 12, 309, 422-423; 13, 89; 14, 89-90; 15, 111; 17, 108; 18, 121; Glacier Peak outing, 1911, 8, 174-184; Mt. Jefferson outing, 1900, 3, 203-209; Mt. Rainier outing, 1897, 2, 192-193; 3, 271-287; 1914, 9, 310; Mt. St. Helens outing, 1909, 7, 170-179; Three Sisters outing, 1910, 8, 53-54
Mead, Lake (Colorado River), 24, 124
Meadows, deterioration and protection, 8, 39-42; 27, 16; 32, 53-62; 34, 140-143; ill., 8, 40, 41; 32, 62-63; see also Wilderness areas and preservation
Meadows, Poison, 4, 195, 213
Medicine Bow Mountains (Wyoming), 12, 283-288; ill., 12, 288
Medicine Lake lava region, 2, 312-319; map, 2, 312; ill., 2, 314, 316, 318; see also Modoc Lava Beds
Melanerpes formicivorus, see woodpecker, California
Mendel, Mt., 16, 104; 27, 98
Mentzelia, see Blazing-star
Merced Canyon, 2, 105; 6, 235-237, 290-293; 7, 39-48; 8, 152-153; ill., 3, 28; 6, 236, 292; 7, 171
Merced Canyon soda springs, see Soda Springs-Merced Canyon
Merced grove, 12, 57
Merced Lake, 7, 40; 12, 57; ill., 6, 236; 7, 39, 171; 20, 30-31
Merced Lake Camp, 12, 40
Merced Pass and Peak, 12, 57
Merced Range, 11, 187-188
Merced River, 2, 197-199; 7, 265; 25, 114; discovery and naming, 12, 57; 13, 58; Lyell Fork, 11, 315; 17, 8; ill., 6, 307; 7, 87; 8, 132; 11, 258; 17, 23; 20, 30-31
Merriam, Mt., 17, 123; 19, 93; ill., 19, 94-95
Merritt, Mt. (Glacier N. P .), 12, 165-167; ill., 12, 5
Mesa Verde National Park, 9, 65, 321
Metasequoia, 34, 82
Meteorological observatories, 5, 314; 6, 7-14, 177-185; see also Conness, Mt.; Rainier, Mt.; Rose, Mt.; Whitney, Mt.; Shasta, Mt.
Mexico: Club de Exploraciones, see Club de Exploraciones de Mexico; mountains, 4, 264-273; 8, 96-109; see also Colima; Cordilleras; Ixtaccihuatl; Nevado de Toluca; Paricutin; Picacho del Diablo; Pico de Orizaba; Popocatepetl; San Felipe Desert; Sierra San Pedro Martir; Valle de la Grulla
Mice, 12, 344; 17, 20
Michaelis, Mt., 12, 58
Middle Fork, see name of river
Middle Kaweah, see Red Kaweah
Middle Palisade, 19, 96; 24, 42, 55-56; first ascent, 1921, 11, 252, 264-270; 12, 62; 24, 42; ascents, 12, 307; 16, 105, 107; 25, 16, 121; new route, 19, 96; West Peak, 16, 107; 19, 96; 24, 55; ill., 9, 189; 10, 223; 11, 197, 266, 267, 274, 423; 12, 325; 19, 94-95; routes of ascent, ill., 11, 266; see also Palisades
Middle Teton, 16, 47-54; ill., 16, 50, 51, 54; routes of ascent, ill., 16, 50
Milestone Basin . 9, 1-6; 18, 13; ill., 9, 2-3
Milestone Bow. see Milestone Bowl
Milestone Bowl. 2, 188; 9, 1-6; 12, 58; ill., 4, 306; 11, 121
Milestone Creek, ill., 13, 93; 18, 38
Milestone Mountain, 11, 313, 440; 12, 58-59; 26, 130; first ascent, 1912, 9, 1-6; 12, 59; ill., 9, 2-6, 48; 11, 120. 410-411; 18, 30, 31, 126; 22, 30" -31
Mill Creek Redwoods State Park (now Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park), 25, 106-107; ill., 25, 102-103
Miller Lake . 1 174; 12, 59; 28, 97
Mills, Mt., 15, 110; 32, 78
Mills Tower (Canada), 33, 125
Mimulus, 26, 67
Minaret Gap, 23, 23
Minaret Lake, ill., 23, 30-31
Minarets, 1, 74-76; 17, 114; 19, 99; 23, 110; 24, 6-7, 126; 31, 117; Climber's Guide, 23, 27-32; Clyde Minaret first ascent, 1928, 14, 87; 15, 109-110; 23, 27; comparison between Clyde and Michael Minaret, 15, 109; highest point, 15, 109; 17, 119; Leonard Minaret first ascent, 18, 134; map, 23, 30; Michael Minaret, 19, 83-85; 22, 106, 109; 23, 27; first ascent, 1923, 12, 28-33, 59; search for Walter A. Starr, Jr., 19, 81-85; ill., 1, 78; 6, 290, 304; 11, 48; 12, 28, 29; 15, 31; 23, 28, 29, 30" -31; 24, 30-31; 33, 30-31; 34, 15; see also Ritter Range
Mineral King, 3, 170, 255-257; 12, 59; winter sports possibilities, 34, 112-118; ill., 33, 102-103
Miner's Peak, see Sawtooth Peak
Mining history east of Yosemite, 13, 40-53; map, 13, 42; ill., 13, 40, 41, 48, 49
" Minnesota National Park " proposed, 3, 263
Minster, 3, 110; 25, 123
Mirror Lake (Yosemite N. P.), 3, 34; 8, 94; 9, 318; 12, 59; 25, 112; ill., 8, 89
Mirror Point, 26, 116
" Mississippi Boys, " 24, 78-105
Mist Falls, 1, 243; 8, 16; ill., 26, 14-15
Mitchell Meadow and Peak, 12, 59
Miter, 26, 118
Moat Lake (Canada), ill., 13, 5; 14, 30, 71
Modoc Lava Beds, 2, 312-319; 12, 96; see also Medicine Lake lava region
Momotombo (Nicaragua), 4, 270
Monarch Divide, ill., 11, 173
Monkey-flower, 26, 67
Mono County, 12, 59
Mono Craters, 3, 80-81
Mono Creek, 1, 226; 12, 59; Poison meadows, 4, 195; ill., 32, 30-31
Mono Creek Canyon, 1, 221-237; 2, 251-262; 4, 194; 7, 8-14; ill., 2, 256
Mono Creek Pass, see Mono Pass
Mono Lake, 3, 78-79, 82-83; 7, 95, 195; 12, 59; ill., 3, 326
Mono Lake Basin road, 7, 130
Mono Mesa, 32, 15-18, 130
Mono National Forest, 26, 124
Mono Pass, 12, 59; 15, 113-115; ill., 7, 14; 10, 105
Mono Rock, 32, 131
Mono Trail, ill., 10, 293
Montara Club, 4, 313
Montgomery, Mt., 20, 102
Monument Peak (Death Valley), 25, 117-118; ill., 25, 102-103
Monument Valley (Arizona), 24, 68-73
Moose, 12, 335; ill., 12, 340
Moraga expedition, 1806, 13, 58
Moraine Dome, 25, 112
Moraine Lake, 4, 306; 9, 19; 10, 226-227; ill., 7, 27; 9, 18-19; 10, 174, 198; 11, 172
Moraine Park (Rocky Mountain N. P.), 3, 194-196; ill., 3, 193, 195; see also Willow Park
Moraines, see Glaciers and glaciation
Moran, Mt. (Grand Teton N. P.), 11, 161-166; 12, 365-367; 32, 129; ill., 11, 164; 12, 356, 360, 368
Moran Point (Yosemite), 25, 112
Moro Rock, 12, 60; 25, 127-128; 34, 145-146
Morris Meadow (Trinity Alps), 21, 15
Morrison, Mt., 12, 60; 32, 130
Mott Lake, 13, 85; ill., 15, 23
Mount Desert Island (Maine), ill., 11, 12, 13; see also Acadia N.P.
Mount LyeIl Camp, 12, 40
Mount McKinley National Park (Alaska), 10, 244; see also Karstens Ridge; McGonagaIl Pass ; McKinley, Mt.; Muldrow Glacier; Parker Pass
Mount Olympus National Park, see Olympic National Park
Mount Rainier National Park (Washington), 2, 320; 6, 44-51; 7, 194, 247; 8, 55, 222; 9, 65, 208, 320; 10, 99, 109, 248, 358, 367; animal life 6, 32-38;
Mountaineers' Outing, 1930, 16, 63-66; see also Cowlitz Glacier; Eagle Peak; Gibraltar Rock; Indian Henry's; Klapatchie Park; Liberty Cap; Navada Falls; Nisqually Glacier; Paradise Glacier; Paradise Park; Paradise River; Paradise Valley; Rainier, Mt.; Skyline Trail; Spray Park; Tatoosh Range; Unicorn Peak; .Van Trump Park
Mount Shasta Rest House, 11, 307
Mount Whitney Club Journal, 4, 318
Mount Whitney Trail, 1, 1-8; 5, 258-259; 14, 84; map, 1, I; ill., 1, 292; 22, 14-15, 62-63; 32, 31
Mountain beaver, see Beaver, Mountain
Mountain building, see Geological studies; Mountain summits
Mountain Creek (Yellowstone N. P.), ill., 12, 341
Mountain goat, 6, 20, 32; 7, 226; 12, 117; ill., 8, 177; 12, 186, 187
Mountain lion: Yellowstone N; P., 12, 338; Yosemite N. P., 10, 442; 17, 16; ill., 10, 442, 486
Mountain meadows, see Meadows
Mountain military training, 31, 46-56
Mountain misery (Chamaebatia foliolosa), 3, 311; 9, 4!}-42; ill., 9, 41
Mountain photography, see Photography
Mountain ranges of the United States, 6, 201-203
Mountain summits, 11, 181-193, 290-291
Mountain troops, see United States Army-Mountain troops
Mountain warfare, 31, 32-56
Mountaineering, see Climbing and mountaineering; Skiing and ski-mountaineering
Mountaineering and conservation organizations, see Alpine Club of Canada; Alpine Congress; American Alpine Club; Appalachian Mountain Club; Associated Mountaineering Clubs of North America; California Alpine Club; California Associated Societies for the Conservation of wildlife; California Botanical Society; Canadian Alpine Club; Club Alpin Franc; ais; Club Andino Boliviano; Club de Exploraciones de Mexico; Colorado Mountain Club; Deutscher und Oesterreichischer Alpenverein; French Alpine Club; Mazamas; Montara Club; Mountaineers Club of Seattle; N ational Parks Association; Save-the-Redwoods League; Scottish Mountaineering Club; Sierra Club; Southern California Conservation Association; Tamalpais Conservation Club
Mountaineers Club of Seattle, 9, 81-83; 149-158, 200, 311; 10, 232-233; 11, 91; 12, 310, 423; 13, 90; 15, 111; 16, 63-66, 101; 17, 108; 18, 123
Mountains, naming, see Place names
Muir, Mt., 12, 60, 306; 21, 100-102; 26, 116; ill., 14, 43; 22, 14-15; 32, 30-31
Muir Crest, 22, 6; bibliography, 26, 121; Climber's Guide, 26, 102-121; map, 26, 110; passes, 26, 105; ill., 22, 15, 110; see also Whitney region
Muir Gorge, 1, 14, 205-206; 2, 181; 7, 215-216; 12, 60; descents-swimming, 17, 82-88; 20, 42-45; naming, 1, 206; map, 1, 206; i" ., 6, 241; 7, 216; 17, 82, 83, 86, 87
Muir Hut (Muir Trail), see John Muir Memorial Shelter
Muir grove, 12, 60
Muir Lodge (San Gabriel Range), 9, 80, 170-172, 181; 10, 60-61, 334; ill., 9, 170, 171; 10, 60
Muir Pass, 5, 236; 10, 346-347; 11, 3& -39, 139-140, 281; 12, 60; 27, 91, 129; ill., 11, 141, 181; 12, 248; 16, 11; 19, 14-15; 25, 14-15
Muir Pass-John Muir Memorial Shelter, see John Muir Memorial Shelter
Muir Trail, see John Muir Trail
Muir Woods National Monument, 6, 276, 285, 287-289; 11, 324-325; 13, 79; 21, 31; ill., 6, 285-288
Muldrow Glacier (Mt. McKinley N. P.), 28, 4-7; ill., 18, 83
Mules, 20, 71; 25, 14-15; 32, 10& -110; 33, 19-22; 34, 23-24; ill., 22, 95
Mulkey Meadows, 1, 4; 12, 61
Multiple-use policy of U. S. Forest Service, see United States Forest Service-Multiple-use policy
Municipal forests and forestry, 7, 204; Europe, 9, 74; San Diego, 8, 241-242
Murdock Lake, 12, 61
Muriel Lake, 27, 92
Muriel Peak, 27, 97
Muro BIanco, ill., 6, 118
Murphy Creek, 12, 61
Murray Canyon, 11, 351, 353
Muskeg, 14, 3
Muskrat, 12, 340
Mustagh Tower (Himalayas), ill., 31, 15
Myiochanes, see Pewee
Mystic Spring Trail, 3, 334
top
Names and naming, see Place names
Nance Peak, 12, 61
Nannus, see Wren
Narada Falls (Mt. Rainier N. P.), ill., 9, 95
Narrative of Zenas Leonard, 27, 36-48
National Conference on Parks, 1921, 11, 196
National Conservation Commission, 7, 77
National forests: 6, 334-336; 11, 329-331; 32, 71-74; ~ agriculture, mining, fire and their influence on forest land, 3, 226-229; ill., 3, 226; American Forestry Congress, 1905, 5, 269-270; boundaries and boundary changes, 7, 135-137, 269-270; California, 12, 96; California Forestry Law, 1905, 5, 303-307; Clarke-McNary Act., 12, 317-318; concessions, 6, 335; denudation of vegetation, 2, 295-311; ill., 2, 295, 301; district administration, 7, 79, 82, 135, 137; Division of Forestry studiesfor scientific lumbering, 3, 200-202; experiment stations, 7, 81; federal vs. state control, 9, 72-73; fire prevention laws, 6, 208-209; fish planting, see Trout planting; forest fires and fire prevention, see Forest fires; grazing and pasturage (8, 80; 10, 483; 12, 298, 410; court decision, 4, 73-74; effects, 2, 295-311; 32, 36-42; High Sierra policy, 2, 292-293; limited grazing permission, 9, 104; Sierra Club stand, 27, 115-116; see also Grazing); hillside farmer and the forest, 5, 33-39; homestead laws, 5, 82-83, 150-152; 6, 70-72; list of national forests, 1908, 6, 336; management, 5, 145-150; 6, 334; maps, 10, 117, 375; multiple-use policy of U. S. Forest Service, 4, 71-72; 6, 125-National forest (cont.) 127; 32, 71-74; need for forest reserves, 1, 269-270; 2, 295-311; primitive areas, 18, 24-30; 23, 93-96; see also Wilderness areas and wilderness preservation; public camps, 11, 448; public lands withdrawal for national forests, 4, 247-249; reasons for federal control, 9, 46, 72; recreational uses, 10, 117-120, 253; 23, 85-93; reforesting, 3, 224-229; 7, 206-207; 8, 291; relation to national parks, 9, 60; 10, 253-255; 12, 98; revenue, 6, 139; 7, 80; San Francisco field headquarters, 7, 82; state regulation of deforestation, 6, 335; timber sales, 9, 116; transfer of reserves to Department of Agriculture, 5, 326; trout planting, see Trout Planting; United States Forest Service, see United States Forest Service; White Pine blister rust, 11, 334; see also Conservation; Forest fires; Forest Reservations and Forest Reserves; Forestry; Grazing; United States Forest Service; Wilderness areas and wilderness preservation; see also Angeles National Forest; Appalachian National Forest; Dakota National Forest; Inyo National Forest; Lassen National Forest; Ocala National Forest; Sequoia National Forest; Shasta National Forest; Tahoe National Forest; Trinity National Forest
National Irrigation Law, 1902, 4, 246
National Park Act, 1916, 10, 241
National Park Bureau, 8, 205, 231, 232-234, 282, 284
National Park Conferences, 8, 234; 9, 67; 10, 104, 250
National Park " Idea, " 12, 270, 348, 350; 33, 46-76; bibliography, 33, 77-78
National Park Service, 10, 362-372, 433; 11, II; 14, 69-70; beginnings, 8, 205, 232-235, 282-283; bill, 10, 113-114, 241-242; created, 1916, 10, 244; 26, 47; proposed, 9, 288; 10, 80; reports, 10, 362-372, 476-478
National Parks and Monuments: 4, 174; 8, 55-63, 217-239, 282-289; 9, 28-32, 60-69, 113-115, 106-208, 316-321; 10, 97-114, 214, 241-252, 362-372, 47~ 482; 11, 5-13, 117; Act of 1916, 10, 241; additions and extensions pro-National Park and Monuments (cont.) posed, 10, 107; 11, 6, 11-12; administration, 9, 114; animal life, 10, 107; 15, 108; animal problems survey, 1929, 15, 108; appropriations and revenues, 10, 103-105, 247-248, 349, 364; 11, 321; area, 1, 257; 8, 59; 10, 107; automobiles, 10, 104-105, 252; 11, 15, 321; California, 25, 108-116; commercial interests, 11, 212-214; conservation, 1, 272; 10, 107; dates of establishment, 8, 59; economic value, 10, 103, 349-350; first mention, 33, 52; grazing and pasturage, 10, 322-323, 330, 336-338, 371-372; 12, 176; growth and development, 8, 58-63; 11, 5-13, 212-218; jurisdiction, 10, 107; landscaping, 29, 61-66; list, 1, 257; 8, 59; National Park Service, see National Park Service; need, 8, 236-239; 9, 28-32, 60-61; 11, 117; " National Park Idea, " 33, 46-78; new national parks, 10, 108, 244; Frederic Law Olmsted on governmental preservation of natural scenery, 29, 61-66; origin, see National Park " Idea" ; overcrowding, 11, 15; 34, 31-54; patented lands, 9, 177; photograph exhibits, 8, 219; policy, 1; 0, 97-101, 478-482; private holdings, 8, 61; 9, 177; 10, 105-106; publications, 9, 69; recommendations proposed, 8, 58; 11, 11-12; relation to national forests, 9, 6{}-61; 10, 253-255; 12, 98-99; reports, 7, 197; 8, 231; 10, 113, 251; 11, 212-218; road standards, 34, 31-54; ill., 34, 34-35; trail development, see names of individual national parks; see also Trails, supervisors, 1918, 10, 372; visitors, 8, 63; 10, 103, 104-105, 252; 11, 89, 321; 34, 31-54; Water Power Act, 11, 321; see also Acadia National Park; " Appalachian N .P ." ; Bryce Canyon N. P.; Canyon de Chelly National Monument; Death Valley N. M.; General Grant N. P.; Glacier N. P.; Grand Canyon N. P.; Grand Teton N. P.; Hawaii N. P.; Kings Canyon N. P.; Lassen Volcanic N. P.; Mesa Verde N. P.; " Minnesota N. P." ; Mount McKinley N. P.; Olympic N. P.; Mount Rainier N. P.; Muir Woods N. M.; Oregon Caves N. M.; " Palm Canyon N. M." ; Saguaro N. M.; Pinnacles N. M.; Rainbow Bridge N. M.; Rocky Mountain N. P.; " Roosevelt-Sequoia N. P." ; Sequoia N. P.; " Tahoe N.P." ; Zion N.P.
National Parks Association, 11, 103-105
Natural history, see Animals; Birds; Butterflies; Insects; Puffball; Rattlesnake; Trees and shrubs; Trout; wildflowers
Nature-guide service in Yosemite Nat'l Park, see Yosemite Nat'l Park-Nature-guide service
Navajo desert region, 24, 68-73
Navajo Indians, 24, 68-73
NealI Lake, 12, 61
Needle, Third, see Third Needle
Needle borer, 9, 206
Needles, see Shiprock
Nevada Fall, 3, 38; 6, 308; 12, 61; ill., 3, 28, 39; 30, 46-47
Nevada Glacier, 10, 188; ill., 10, 190
Nevado de Toluca (Mexico), 8, 97-101; ill., 8, 97, 100, 101
New Guinea, 28, 58, 68-69
New York Butte, 27, 138
Newcomb, Mt., 26, 118
Niagara Falls, 7, 131-132; 8, 239, 279; 33, 69, 72
Nicaragua, 4, 270
Nichols, Mt. (Canada), ill., 2, 152
Niles Peak (Canada), 8, 189-190; ill., 8, 188
Niles-Daly Glacier (Canada), ill., 8, 188
Nine Lake Basin, 7, 35; ill., 10, 182
Nineveh legend, 18, 97-99
Nisqually Glacier (Mt. Rainier N. P.), 3, 287; motion,, 108-114; chart, 6, 112; recession, 20, 21-22; ill., 6, 2, 108, 110
Nisqually Valley, ill., 9, 82
Nivation, 18, 72; 22, 17; ill., 22, 30-31
Nomenclature, see Place names
Noon Mark, 3, 110
Norden, 20, 2-3; ill., 22, 94-95; 26, 94-95; 27, 30-31; see also Clair Tappaan Memorial Lodge
North Dome, 12, 61; ill., 3, 43; 8, 132
North Fork, see name of river
North Guard, ill., 26, 94-95
1, 296; 5, 1-19; 11, 204-205, 251; 12, 62; 19, 24-27; 24, 42, 51-53; first ascent, 1903, 5, 1-19; 11, 204, 205, 251; 12, 62; 19, 24; 24, 42, 52; North Palisades (cont.) ascents, 9, 180; 11, 204-205, 251, 313; 12, 91; 14, 58-60, 86-87; 16, 105, 107; 17, 124-125; 19, 24-26, 95-96; 23, 33; glacier, see Palisade Glacier; named Mt. Jordan, 1, & 96; Northwest Peak, 24, 53; routes, 11, 204-205; 19, 25; 24, 52-53; traverses, 16, 105; 19, 25, 95; 24, 128; Winter ascent, 1940, 26, 142; ill., 1, 297; 5, 15; 9, 263; 10, 223; 11, 205, 267; 12, 92, 305; 16, 14; 19, 14, 25, 94-95; 21, 3(}-31; 23, 62-63; routes of ascent, ill., 19, 25; see also Palisade Glacier; Palisades; " U" -Notch route
North Peak, ill., 18, 70, 71; 34, 86-87
North Sister (Oregon), 8, 54
North Star Mountain (Washington), ill., 8, 181, 184
North Star Park (Washington), 8, 183; ill., 8, 184
Northeast Gully (Yosemite N. P.), 25, 51
Novitates (Arizona pines), 2, 72 -
Nucifraga, see Clark Crow
Nutcracker, Clark, see Clark Crow
Nuthatch, Red-bellied (Sitta canadensis) 6, 248
Nutmeg, California false (Tumion californicum) 4, 127-128; ill., 4, 123
Nutmeg, Coast (Tumion californicum littoralis), 4, 128
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Oak, Blue (Quercus douglasii), 3, 304; Brewer's (Quercus breweri), 3, 308; ill., 3, 309; Scrub (Quercus dumosa), 3, 309; see also Live-oak
Obelisk, 33, 120
ObergabeIbom (Switzerland), ill., 6, 78
Observation Peak, ill., 8, 280; 9, 189
Ocala National Forest (Florida), 7, 77
O'Hara, Lake (Canada), ill., 8, 188
Olancha Peak, 26, 120
Old Baldy, see San Antonio, Mt.
Old Faithful geyser (Yellowstone N. P .), ill., 30, 46-47
Olympic National Park (Washington), 21, 22-24; Mountaineers' Outing, 1913, 9, 149-158; ill., 21, 15; see also Elwha Basin; Hoh Glacier; Olympus, Mt.; Queets Basin; Quenault River; Seattle, Mt.
Olympic Range (Olympic National Park), 9, 148-158; map, 9, 148; see also Olympic National ParkOlympus, Mt. (Greece), 9, 313-315; 30, 71-77; bibliography, 9, 315; ill., 9, 309
Olympus, Mt. (Olympic N. P.), 9, 152-153; ill., 9, 152, 153, 156; see also Olympic N. P.
Olympus, Mt. (Rocky Mountain N. P.), ill., 7, 234
" One Hundred Peaks" goal, 31, 115-117
Onion Valley, ill., 7, 240
Oregon, 20, 109; see also Crater Lake; Eliot Glacier; Hood, Mt.; Hunt's Cove; Jefferson, Mt.; North Sister; ThieIsen, Mt.; Three Fingered Jack; Three Sisters; Washington, Mt.
Oregon Caves National Monument, 9, 58-59, 115
Oregonia, 18, 51-52
Organizations and clubs, see Mountaineering and conservation organizations
Orientation, 32, 12-13
Orizaba, see Pico de Orizaba
Osprey, 14, 36
Otter, Sea, 33, 13
Ottoway Peak, 12, 61
Outpost, 22, 57
Ouzel, Water, see Water Ouzel
Ouzel Basin, 3, 109-111; 12, 62; map, 3, 109
Ouzel Camp, 3, 110
Ouzel Creek, 3, 109; 12, 62
Ouzel Pool, 3, 110
Overgrazing danger, 32, 36-42; see also
Grazing and pasturage
Ovis canadensis, see Bighorn Sheep
Owen, Mt. (Grand Teton N. P.), 32, 129
Owens Lake, 12, 62; 17, 72
Owens River, 12, 62
Owens Valley, 12, 62; Sierra Nevada ascent routes, 13, 31-35; skiing, 19, 47; ill., 7, 31
Oxycedrus, see Juniper, Prickly
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Pacific Glacier (Alaska), ill., 10, 17
Pacific slope conifers, see Conifers of the Pacific Slope
Pack animals, 2, 36-43, 287-289; 17, 89-93; 21, 40-44; Harrison Pass crossing, S, 115-121, 297-302; see also Diamond hitch; Packers and packing
Pack trips, see Packers and packing
Packers and packing, 2, 36-43, 287-289; 16, 9; 24, 25-28; 25, 14-15, 21-25; 34, 22-26; commissary list, 24, 27; meadow conservation, 34, 140-143; saddling and loading, 21, 40-44; wilderness policy, 32, 96-98; ill., 11, 439; 24, 30-31; 26, 94-95; see also Bivouacking; Camping; Diamond hitch; Sierra Club-Annual outings.
Packsack, 22, 38-39
Paiju Peak (Himalayas), ill., 31, 14-15
Painted Lady, see Colored Lady
Pait Valley, see Pate Valley
Palisade, Middle, see Middle Palisade
Palisade, North; Northeast, see North
Palisade
Palisade, South; Southeast, see Split Mountain
Palisade Creek Canyon, 5, 9; 11, 357; ill., 9, 189; 11, 197, 358, 359, 363; 19, 14-I5, 46-47, 94-95; 25, 14-15
Palisade Crest, 24, 55; ill., 19, 95
Palisade Glacier, 5, 12, 13; 9, 261-263; 14, 58-60; 17, 124; 19, 25; ill., 5, 15; 9, 54, 262, 263
Palisade Lakes, lower lake, ill., 11, 363; upper lake, ill., 11, 358
Palisades, 1, 296; 5, 1-19; 12, 62; 16, 107; 17, 124-125; 19, 24, 95-96; 23, 33-35, 104; 24, 40-58; bibliography 24, 44-45; Climber's Guide, 24, 40-58; history,, 2-3; 11, 251-252; 12, 62; 19, 24; 24, 42; map, 5, 18; 11, 359; 24, 46; origin of name, 5, 3-4; 11, 251; 12, 62; 19, 24; Owens Valley ascent routes, 13, 33-34; passes, 24, 45, 49; ill., 1, 297; 4, 177; 5, 2, 5, II; 9, 188; 10, 223; 11, 173; 19, 95; 21, 30-31; 23, 62-63; see also Middle Palisade; North Palisade; Palisade Glacier; Sill, Mt.; Split Mountain
Palm, Washington (Washingtonia filifera) 11, 218, 325-326, 351, 352; ill. 11, 350
Palm, Wax, 22, 86-91; ill., 22, 94-95
" Palm Canyon National Monument " proposed, 11, 325-326; ill., 11, 350
Palm Springs, 11, 218, 325-326; ill., 11, 350
Palmer Mountain, 12, 62
Pam, Mt. (Canada), 10, 272-273; ill., 10, 276, 277
Panama Canal, 4, 271
Panama-Pacific International Exposition, 9, 178, 288
Panamint Lake, 171 72-73
Panamint Range, 271 83; ill., 24, 62-63
Panamint Valley, 24, 87, 90, 104
Panorama Cliff, 22, 108; 23, 117; 25, 57
Papago Saguaro National Monument, see Saguaro National Monument
Papilio indra, 9, 90-91; 18, 51
Paradise Glacier (Mt. Rainier N. P .), ill., 1, 113
Paradise Park (Mt. Rainier N. P.), ill., 11, 96
Paradise River (Mt. Rainier N. P.), ill., 1, 113
Paradise Valley (Kings River), 1, 242-243; 3, 152; 4, 178-179; 6, 102-103, 117-118, 123; 7, 181-182; trail, 7, 190-191; ill., 2, 90; 6, 118; 7, 182; 8, 16, 48-49; 26, 14-15, 94-95
Paradise Valley (Mt. Rainier N. P.), ill., 9, 82, 83
Paragon Peak, 13, 6; ill., 13, 9, 12
Paricutin (Mexico), 29, 67-76; ill., 29, 46-47
Parker Pass (Mt. McKinley N. P.), ill., 28, 30-31
Parnassius, 9, 93-94; 18, 49; ill., 9, 94
Parnassus, Mt. (Greece), 9, 278-283; ill., 9, 280-283
Parsons Memorial Fund, 9, 223-224
Parsons Memorial Lodge, 9, 223, 287; 10, 144, 359; 23, 96-97; reports, 10, 84-85, 436; 11, 202; 21, 80; ill., 9, 224; 10, 80, 81, 88, 143; 11, 411
Parsons Peak, 12, 63
Partridge, Plumed, see Quail, Mountain
Parviconae pines, 2, 69-70
Passes, 271 59-64; see also Place names; Climbers Guide to the High Sierra
Pasturage, see Grazing and pasturage
Pate Valley, 1, 207; 2, 181-182; Indian pictographs and relics, 6, 241-242, 258-259; 271 125; rattlesnakes, 2, 182; ill., 6, 242, 258, 259; 9, 261; 12, 24, 25
Patented lands, see National Parks and Monuments-Patented lands; Yosemite N. P .-Patented lands
Patriarchs (Zion National Park), ill., 10, 340
Pavilion Dome, 12, 63
Peaks, elevations of, see Elevations of Mountain Peaks
Pear Lake ski slopes, ill., 271 30-31; 33, 102-103
Peary Lake (Glacier N. P.), ill., 12, 104
Peeler Lake, 12, 126
Peltiphyllum, see Umbrella plant
Pendente spruces, 2, 157-162
Peninsula Meadow, see Cascade Valley
Penthestes, see Chickadee
Perfection Meadow, ill., 11, 136
Perkins, Mt., 12, 63; ill., 11, 422
Persistentes, 2, 64
Peter, Lake, 12, 63
Peter Grubb Hut, ill., 27, 30-31
Peter Peak, 27, 102
Pewee, Western wood (Myiochanes richardsonii), 8, 264-265; ill., 8, 265
Phacelia, 26, 67, 69
Phelan Bill, 11, 6; 26, 47-49
Philippines, 4, 172; 5, 26-32; 14, 37-38
Phlox, Alpine (Phlox douglasii), 11, 149; ill., 12, 348
Photography, 11, 408; 25, 30; 26, 82-89; 29, 41-46; 31, 15-17; birds, 5, 103; 8, 158; comparison photography, 29, 95-96; composition, 26, 88-89; development, 26, 87; equipment and technique, 8, 158; 10, 409-413; 20, 55; 26, 83-89; 29, 42, -43, 44; film material, 26, 84; filters, 26, 85; glaciers, 5, 23-25; interpreting the natural scene, 30, 47-50; lenses, 26, 85; lighting and exposure, 26, 86; sunshades, 26, 85; see also, in Index of Names: Ansel Adams, Joseph N. LeConte, Vittorio Sella, Cedric Wright
Picacho (California), 19, 101-102
Picacho del Diablo (Mexico), 18, 56-62; ill., 18, 58, 59, 62
Picea, see Spruce
Pickering, Mt., 26, 118
Picket Guard, 2, 189; 12, 63; 22, 105; ill., 4, 304
Picket Range (Washington), 22, 78
Pico de Orizaba (Mexico), 8, 106-109; 9, 109; ill., 8, 108
Pictographs, see Indian pictographs
Pigeon Spire (Canada), 26, 63; ill., 24, 62-63
Pika, see Cony
Pike's Peak (Colorado), 3, 190
Pilot Knob, 19, 92
Pinaster pines, 2, 65, 66-75
Pinatubo, Mt. (Philippines), 5, 26-32
Pinchot, Mt., 4, 262, 288; 12, 63; ill., 11, 422
Pinchot Pass, map, 17, 106; ill., 11, 422, 423; 32, 30; 34, 14-15
Pines: 2, 64-75; Balfour (Pinus balfouriana), 4, 214, 299, 303; 27, 24; Big-cone, see Coulter Pine; Bishop (P. muricata), 18, 65-66; 31, 20; Black, see Jeffrey Pine; Foxtail (P. aristata; P. Balfouriana), 4, 208, 214, 219, 303; 27, 24; ill., 4, 214; 9, 74; 10, 158, 167; 22, 62; Heavy-coned, see Graviconae; Jeffrey (P. jeffreyi), 27, 24; Lodge-pole (P. murrayana, 4, 208-209, 299; 9, 206; 12, 136-137; 27, 24; destruction by pests, 9, 206; ill., 4, 209; 10, 328; 11, 53; 16, 18); Lone, see Torrey Pine; Monterey (P. radiata), 18, 65; Nevada nut, see Pinon Pine; Pinon (P. monophylla), 4, 298-299; 11, 150; Prickle-cone, see Bishop Pine; Rocky Mountain white (P. ftexilis), 4, 299; Single-leaf, see Pinon Pine; Sugar (P . lambertiana), 13, 13; Swamp, see Bishop Pine; Tamarack, Tamrac, see Lodgepole Pine; Torrey (P. torreyana), 18, 66; Western yellow (P. ponderosa), 11, 52; White-bark (P. albicaulis), 4, 299; 27, 24; ill., 10, 159; 34, 1; see also Conifers
Pine Ridge trail, 1, 209-213; map, 1, 210
Pinicola, see Grosbeak, California pine
Pinnacle Pass, 26, 106
Pinnacle Pass Needle, 22, 109; 26, 115 Pinnacle Ridge, 26, 114; Pinnacles, 19, 93; 25, 120; see also Pinnacles National Monument
Pinnacles National Monument, 5, 85; 11, 325; 19, 93; first ascent of the " Hand, " 33, 123-124; first ascent of the " Machete, " 25, 13{}-131; ill., 25, 102-103
Piranga, see Tanager
Piscator Peak, 11, 46
Pitons, 19, 34; 27, 73-74; 31, 86-90; ill., 33, 102-103; see also Climbing and mountaineering
Pitt River Canyon, ill., 2, 318
Piute Branch, see Piute Creek (San Joaquin)
Piute Creek (San Joaquin), 5, 154-155, 255; 11, 278; 12, 63; ill., 10, 89
Piute Creek (Yosemite N. P.), ill., 20, 62-63
Piute Indians, 12, 63
Piute Mountain, 12, 63
Piute Pass, 11, 277; 27, 89
Pivot Crag, see Fin Dome
Place names, 2, 53-55; 3, 109-111; 4, 239-241; 5, 139-140, 254-255, 260; 6, 52, 87-99, 201-203; 9, 55; 11, 27; 27, 104; of High Sierra region; Names A-J, 11, 380-407; K-Q. 12, 47-64; R-Z, 12, 126-147; of Southern Sierra peaks, 11, 244-254; see also Indian names; Rainier, Mt.-Tacoma-Rainier controversy; Sierra Nevada-Nomenclature
Plains-Trees and shrubs, 3, 301-302
Planesticus, see Robin
Plants, Galapagos Archipelago, 27, 81-82; Sierra Nevada-east side, 33, 42-45; reappearance on burned areas, 31, 18-23; see also Trees and shrubs; Wild flowers
Plum, Wild (Prunus subcordata), 3, 309
Pohono trail, 12, 64; 25, 112
Point Lobos Reserve State Park, 18, 110, 120-121; Cypresses, 18, 64-67; poem, 18, 63; ill., 18, 63, 66, 67
Poison meadows, 4, 195, 213
Poison-ivy and Poison-oak, 12, 173-174
Polemonium, ill., 17, 14; 26, 14-15
Polemonium Club, 27, 9
Pollux Peak (Yellowstone N. P.), ill., 12, 276
Pongo de Manseriche (Brazil), 18, 94; ill., 18, 94
Pope's Peak (Canada), 8, i90-191; ill., 8, 189
Popocatepetl (Mexico), first ascent, 1519, 25, 88; early ascent by Spanish .conquistadores, 11, 316; 25, 88-95; ascents, 2, 10; 8, 101-104; 17, 77-81; 28, 71-75; ill., 8, 96, 104, 105
Poppy, Bush (Dendromecon rigida), 3, 309
Porcupine, Sierra Nevada, 15, 57-58; Yellowstone, 12, 343; ill., 10, 296; 12, 337
Porcupine Flat, ill., 8, 40
Pothole Lake, ill., 10, 191
Powell, Mt., 12, 64; 27, 88, 96; first ascent, 1925, 12, 222, 250-251; 27, 96; ill., 11, 275; 12, 248
Prattville, 3, 289
Predatory animals, 33, 13-17
Preuss map of California, ill., 15, 91
Primitive areas, see Wilderness areas and wilderness preservation
Primrose, Sierra (Primula suffrutescens), 6, 165; 11, 149; 21, 89-90
Primrose Pond, 3, 110
Primula, see Primrose
Projectile, Mt. (Canada), 33, 4-5, 124
Providence Spring, 24, 94
Prunus, see Plum
Pseudotsuga, see Spruce, Douglas ; Spruce, Big-cone
Ptarmigan, 4, 144; 6, 38; ill., 12, 119
Public lands, 3, 112; 4, 246-249; frauds, 5, 269; laws, 4, 322; 5, 82-83
Public service, 12, 78
Puffball, Sierra, 6, 39-42; 14, 61-63; 21, 90; ill., 6, 39; 14, 62, 63; see also Calbovista; Calvatia; Lycoperdon
Pulpit Rock, 23, 119; 26, 140; 31, 119; first ascent, 1939, 25, 62, 119
Pumice, 15, 4
Purcell Range, see Bugaboo Range
Purple Lake, ill., 33, 30-31
Pyramid Peak, 2, 120
Pyweack Fall, 25, 49-50
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